Characteristics and breeding history of the grape variety effect. Kinelsky grapes - the best varieties Kinelsky grapes kalashnikovs

Question. Stepan Viktorovich Drozdenko (Kinel) asks:when is the best time to plant a vine?

Olga Mikhailovna Nechaeva asks: why do you say little about growing vines?

Dear summer residents! Two years ago, we published articles about this culture in several of our magazines, in which the famous Samara winegrowers Kalashnikovs shared their experience with you. Obviously, you recently started reading our magazine, so we repeat the article from the September 2013 magazine.

1. Where can I buy good grape varieties?

I took seedlings from the famous winegrowers of Samara - Kalashnikovs. I was in their garden, saw their vineyard, numbering more than a hundred varieties with my own eyes. I ate berries from the best bushes. I had many hours of conversations with Valentina and Victor regarding the latest, most promising varieties and hybrids of this most interesting culture.

Having eaten enough, having heard a lot and making sure that I have in front of me highly qualified specialists who are selflessly in love with their work, I took from them the best that is in the Kalashnikovs' collection. Although it was difficult to choose, they do not hold bad ones. Why occupy the land with mediocrity, when so many interesting varieties and hybrids appear every year around the world (and they have both French and American varieties in their garden).

Sometimes they have to uproot very nice bushes in order to plant a rare instance of a supernova.

The Kalashnikovs believe that September is the best time to plant grapes, contrary to popular belief that it can only be planted in spring, but it must be planted competently so that it does not freeze out.

2. The technique of planting the vine.

Viktor Kalashnikov digs planting holes with a depth of at least 80 cm. Broken red brick is placed on the bottom - this is drainage, on top of it a layer of wood waste is laid (old blocks of wood, boards) - so that the drainage does not "float". Such a flooring at the bottom of the pit cuts off the deep cold well - all seedlings of fruit and ornamental crops like this, keep this in mind. I now do drainage for all plantings.

Another feature is the installation of an irrigation pipe in the planting pit. I use a plastic pipe with a diameter of 3-5cm. Cut its lower end obliquely so that water flows freely and install the pipe so that its upper end rises 5-10cm above the soil surface

Now you need to mix the soil removed from the pit with fertilizers: two buckets of humus, two liters of ash, two glasses of superphosphate and a bucket of expanded clay crumbs.

We pour the fertile mixture on the bottom of a hole about 25 cm high, put a seedling, cover it with earth, water it abundantly, mulch.

The main mistake of novice summer residents is that grapes are planted like an ordinary seedling, but it should bedeepen ... The distance from the heel to the upper edge of the pit should be at least 40-45cm. The heel on a grape seedling is the place where the roots begin to grow.

Since planting is carried out by the transshipment method, there is no need to worry about the survival rate of grapes.

We will prune a young seedling in the spring for 2 buds. We will make a shelter in winter at the end of October with spruce branches - read about this in the next issue.

Attention!

The grapes have male and female varieties.

If I were asked to name the best table grape varieties for Moscow and the Moscow region, I would not think much. The climate is harsh, sometimes unpredictable, summers are warm, winters are cold, the shorter the grapes ripening, the stronger the plant's immunity, the better. Choose any seedlings with a ripening period of 95-120 days, you can't go wrong.

If you run a dacha farm in the north-west of the Moscow region, then squeeze your will into a fist, and forget about everything that ripens for more than 115 days.

Muscovites often complain to me: they planted different varieties, but unsuccessfully - sour, tasteless, and they gave the best recommendations. If you ask the name, the varieties are great indeed! But the ripening period is 130-140 days. You still have to wait a couple of weeks for it to mature, and then it snowed - your schedules did not coincide, hence the disappointment.

A couple of years ago, when we came to exhibitions in Moscow, we were surprised by the modestness of the requests of Muscovites. Do you have Isabella? - they asked us. The variety Aleshenkin, Rusbol, Korinka was very popular. Old varieties, someone has sincere love for them, but as they say - you can do more!

Now we are increasingly meeting with winegrowers who have a huge practice of growing grapes in the Moscow region, and, with excellent results. At one of the exhibitions, we met a colleague who grows grapes in the north-west of the Moscow region, in peat bogs, about 50 varieties! Some of the listed varieties, we would immediately discourage buying, it is risky, but everything grows with him, and everything bears fruit.

Of course, I had to use various tricks and tricks: some of the plants were planted in greenhouses, some in insulated hills, something grows in the open ground. But the fact is that Muscovites and residents of the region have much more choice than they imagine. Conclusion, be brave, study the successful experience and you will succeed.

And now the first 5 best. Of course, the "five" in quotes, because it is a pity to limit yourself to only five varieties. But, let's say, this is a selection of varieties that you can plant and, without thinking about anything, they will not let you down.

Opens our hit paradeVictor. Or Viktor ... In our nursery, we don't worry about stress, grapes respond to both options.

How will he interest you? Ripening period - 95-105 days. In mid-August, if the weather does not suit the evil intrigues, you will already enjoy its harvest. The berries are large, if not huge. Normally, their weight is 9-14 g, in some cases up to 20 g.Victor everything is pleasant - the color, the taste, and the obesity of large, rich bunches. The mass of one is from 500 g to a kilogram. This is not little Isabella. The taste is wonderful, the pulp of the fruit is juicy, dense, the mouth rejoices! Wasps toVictor They have no special complaints, so the berries, if you have a weak appetite, can hang until October without any special external transformations. Even if they are slightly chilled by frost, this will not cause them significant damage. But, I hope, you are not only admiring the grapes, but are eating them by both cheeks, therefore, such a deep hovering of yourVictor does not threaten, it will be eaten before October.

The second grade, which is in constant demand in the vicinity of Moscow -Super-Extra ... The ripening period is the same as that of Victor - very early, but I do not recommend leaving the berries on the vine for a long time, they will quickly lose their shape. But that's not scary. At this time, it's time to feast on your grapes, here withSuper Extras and start. Her taste is simple, in the opinion of gourmets, but for me it is so wonderful. For the opening of the season - the very thing. What else conquers inSuper-Extra - extraordinary inner strength. Last year, at my dacha, two seedlings in a container, two years old, hung on overexposure. In our nursery, it is customary to leave ovaries on the seedlings so that the buyer himself removes them. This is such an internal ritual - the client sees that everything is in order with the seedling (someone needs more greenery, and the berries right away), and then he picks off an inflorescence or an already formed bunch with his own hand, so that the seedling has enough strength to overwinter. There were just such bunches on my seedlings, by mid-August they were ripe, and I ate them - why would they hang? Very tasty! The color of SE fruits is white with green; in the sun they are filled with a soft pleasant glow. The berries are large, egg-shaped, they somehow remind me of the berries of Arcadia, so I always confuse their photos if I forget to make captions to them.

Baikonur - my love. My weakness and my dream. An ideal variety (or rather a hybrid) in all respects - taste, color, optimal for the northern regions in terms of physical characteristics. It is noted that on the "northAkh"Baikonur proved to be even better than in southern latitudes. I have already left the seedlings for myself several times, but succumbed to the persuasion of buyers, gave up and gave it away, with the thought: well, I'll take some more for myself. And then ... we ran out of them. This year I will not save, I will definitely plant. Unbearable! Last season I did photo sessions withBaikonur starting from the moment when his barrels just began to turn pink. And I enjoyed its coloring and coming into shape until late autumn. The bush in the nursery is young, there are still few bunches, the berries are not very large.

Rarely is a variety capable of such delight. I have one secret favorite, no two, trying which I cry tears of tenderness,Baikonur added to my list of the most-most-favorite varieties.

The color of the berries is violet-red, in some with a dark blue, almost asphalt, black shade, in a beautiful prune. They stay on the vine for a very long time, clusters are large 500-1000 g. The shoots ripen perfectly, there will be no problems with wintering. But the most important thing, of course, is the taste. It is difficult to describe it, almost impossible. Sweet, juicy, very light unobtrusive nutmeg tone. You will fall in love with him, that's for sure!

Long awaited Is another hybrid that I would like to recommend to residents of Moscow and the Moscow region, and other adjacent territories. The ripening period for him is a little later, but this is good. I do not like it when all the berries in the country have shot and sit, bored, wait for the next season.Long awaited harmoniously prolongs grape pleasure. In terms of timing, it fits perfectly into the Moscow vineyards and has one nice nuance. Seed in berriesThe long-awaited poorly expressed, often practically not felt, rudimentary. Some seedling sellers even includeThe long-awaited to the list of raisins in your directory. The grapes have a very beautiful, elongated, large bunch, elongated, large berries of a pleasant amber color, which shine through in the sun, become almost amber ..

Another variety that should definitely be included in your grape collection iskishmish 342 ... I myself am not a big fan of raisins, I don't understand why chasing seedless grapes, simply because I'm too lazy to spit them out. By the way, I don’t do this with seeds, they contain the most useful substances that are in grapes (including the comb, but somehow I don’t want to eat it). The most important criterion for the deliciousness of grapes is when you cannot say whether there are seeds in it or not, but they are. But

The rich variety of grape varieties is pleasing to the eye. A common man in the street, filling a basket with fruit, knows that this berry is one of the healthiest and most delicious. Grapes, due to the content of flavonoids, are a powerful natural antioxidant, and by right they can be called the berry of life, the bunch of youth.

The full spectrum of vitamins and minerals, fiber and proteins necessary for humans make grapes a “hearty” dish. Such a fruit can replace a full dinner, will have a positive effect on health, well-being and figure.

Grape varieties are divided into main types:

Gardeners, winegrowers, when choosing a variety, are guided not only by taste and useful properties, but also by ripening times, resistance to cold and diseases. For businessmen focusing on the agricultural industry, modern, high-quality, selective types of crops are preferable.

Paradise grapes - Effect variety

The effect is a new grape variety obtained as a result of the successful crossing of two original parental varieties Talisman and XVII-10-26 (early reddish Muscat).
Effect (Kinelsky grapes) is one of the modern breeding forms of the plant, distinguished by characteristics that are important for the manufacturer:

In Kinel, under good weather conditions, the Effect ripens already in July. Even when not fully ripe, it has a pleasant taste. If the bunches remain in the vineyards until the end of September, they turn dark with an extremely high sugar content.

History of the Effect and its notable features

The famous breeder Yevgeny Georgievich Pavlovsky has long become famous among gardeners who are busy with viticulture. The scientist breeder has dozens of well-known varieties bred empirically. Among them, Rochefort, Monarch, Super Extra and many others are undoubtedly successful. Of the new promising forms, the Effect variety stands out, which has already won its place under the sun.

Despite the fact that the new variety is still being improved and has not entered the world market, it has already become famous in the circles of wine-growers and aroused great interest.

The main advantage of the variety is its adaptability to the climate of northern latitudes, it easily takes root in new lands, and is popular in the southern regions. The second name of the variety is Kinelsky early. Distinctive features of the hybrid form of grapes are derived empirically:

In conclusion, a detailed video review of the Effect variety, Kinelsky early. The owner of the nursery, gardener Dmitry Reznikov will clearly show and tell about the grapes.